gradio-app/gradio
Build and share delightful machine learning apps, all in Python. The de facto standard for creating interactive ML demos with automatic UI generation from function signatures. Powers thousands of Hugging Face Spaces.
nmslib/hnswlib
Header-only C++ library for fast approximate nearest neighbors with Python bindings. Supports CRUD operations and concurrent read/write - unique among ANN libraries. Powers many production vector databases. Apache 2.0 licensed.
abetlen/llama-cpp-python
Official Python bindings for llama.cpp.
pytorch/pytorch
Dynamic computation graphs, Pythonic API, dominant in research and production. The current standard for most frontier AI work.
astral-sh/uv
An extremely fast Python package and project manager, written in Rust. 10-100x faster than pip with built-in virtual environment management, dependency resolution, and lockfiles. Essential for modern AI/ML development workflows. Apache 2.0 and MIT dual-licensed.
PrefectHQ/marvin
Python framework for structured outputs and agentic AI workflows. Simplifies LLM interactions with type-safe interfaces, automatic schema generation, and built-in observability. From the creators of Prefect. Apache 2.0 licensed.
marimo-team/marimo
A reactive notebook for Python — run reproducible experiments, query with SQL, execute as a script, deploy as an app, and version with git. Stored as pure Python. All in a modern, AI-native editor.
pathwaycom/pathway
Python ETL framework for stream processing, real-time analytics, LLM pipelines, and RAG. Features 350+ connectors with always-in-sync data from SharePoint, Google Drive, S3, Kafka, PostgreSQL and more. BSL 1.1 license (becomes Apache 2.0 after 4 years).
microsoft/agent-framework
Microsoft's official framework combining AutoGen's agent abstractions with Semantic Kernel's enterprise features. Supports Python and .NET with graph-based workflows.
apache/hamilton
Declarative dataflow framework for building testable, modular, self-documenting data pipelines. Encode lineage and metadata directly in Python functions. Originally from Stitch Fix, now Apache incubating. Apache 2.0 licensed.
streamlit/streamlit
The fastest way to build and share data apps. Transform Python scripts into beautiful web applications with minimal code. Widely used for ML model demos, data visualization, and internal tools.
prefecthq/prefect
Workflow orchestration framework for building resilient data and ML pipelines. Python-native with modern observability and 200+ integrations. Apache 2.0 licensed.
stanfordnlp/stanza
Stanford NLP Python library for 100+ human languages. State-of-the-art neural pipelines for tokenization, NER, parsing, and sentiment analysis with pre-trained models. Apache 2.0 licensed.
great-expectations/great_expectations
Always know what to expect from your data. Data validation, profiling, and documentation for data pipelines. Apache 2.0 licensed.
flyteorg/flyte
Kubernetes-native workflow orchestration platform for AI/ML pipelines. Dynamic, resilient orchestration with strong type safety and reproducibility. Used by Lyft, Spotify, and Gojek. Apache 2.0 licensed.
scrapy/scrapy
Fast, high-level web crawling and scraping framework for Python. Extract structured data from websites at scale with built-in support for handling common challenges like pagination, cookies, and concurrent requests. BSD-3-Clause licensed.
HKUDS/nanobot
Lightweight personal AI agent with a built-in WebUI, model routing, MCP, and multi-channel chat integrations. MIT licensed.
superlinear-ai/raglite
Python toolkit for RAG with DuckDB or PostgreSQL. Lightweight, efficient retrieval-augmented generation without heavy dependencies. MPL 2.0 licensed.
google/flax
Neural network library for JAX, designed for flexibility. Apache-2.0 licensed.
PrefectHQ/fastmcp
A Python framework for building Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers and clients with automatic schema generation and validation. Apache 2.0 licensed.
isl-org/Open3D
Modern library for 3D data processing with Python and C++ APIs. Core features include 3D data structures, processing algorithms, scene reconstruction, surface alignment, 3D visualization, and GPU acceleration. MIT licensed.
agentscope-ai/agentscope
Alibaba's production-ready multi-agent framework with 23K+ stars. Features built-in MCP and A2A support, message hub for flexible orchestration, and AgentScope Runtime for production deployment.
pandas-dev/pandas
The gold standard for data analysis and manipulation in Python.
ibis-project/ibis
Portable Python dataframe library with 20+ backends. Write Pandas-like code that runs locally with DuckDB or scales to production databases (BigQuery, Snowflake, PostgreSQL) by changing one line. Apache 2.0 licensed.